Brief introductory description of physiology of the central nervous Essay

Brief introductory description of physiology of the central nervous system related to Parkinson's disease - Essay Example This is a degenerative disease of the central nervous system that ultimately targets the dopamine generating cells situated in the substantia nigra a region in the midbrain. Once the dopamine generating cells have been destroyed, the synchronization of movement by both the brain and the spinal cord is affected. (Weiner, Shulman, & Lang, 2013 pg.21). A precise study and diagnosis of the disease is characterized by the buildup of a protein called alpha-synuclein in the neurons specifically in the inclusions of the neurons called the Lewy bodies. Since this directly affects the neurons, the formation and activity of dopamine, which is formed by certain neurons in the some sections of the midbrain are also disrupted. The accumulation of this protein cause a massive death of dopamine producing neurons, and the inevitable outcome is the Parkinson’s disease. The seriousness of the disease will depend on the distribution of the Lewy bodies within the neurons, and the more the distribution, the higher the rate of manifestation of Parkinson’s disease. (Tseng, 2009 pg93). It has been determined that the Parkinson’s disease is rampant in old age than it is in younger people, it rarely affect young individuals unless some heredity factors come into play. Exposure to some pesticides increases the risk of Parkinson’s disease and ironically there is a reduced risk in tobacco smokers. Any disease must be detected in its early stages and treatment done instantly so as to avoid severe cases of the disease. Parkinson’s disease has a number of very clear symptoms that are easily recognizable so that treatment can start early. The disease has a deceptive beginning which progresses slowly. The symptoms can be differentiated in motor and non-motor symptoms. The common early motor signs of the disease are tremors and awkward movements. This

Argument Response Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Argument Response - Essay Example The point of bilingual education in part is to ease the transition of students whose first language is not English into the school setting, and while it might accomplish this goal, it leaves the students with more difficulty in the long run. As Le points out, it leaves the students inept in both languages to a certain degree. Le’s main audience seems to be non-minority citizens who might be voting in regards to bilingual schooling. He seems to be of the opinion that the push for bilingual schooling comes just as much from these English speaking citizens who feel that they should attempt to preserve the culture of non-English speaking students in schools. Le is of the opinion that one should learn one’s native language and culture in home and not in school. There is also the difficulty of determining which second language should the subjects be taught in. Though the majority of non-English speaking students in the US might speak Spanish, there would still be some school districts where the majority of non-English speaking students might speak Chinese or some other language. The question then becomes how school districts can have any sort of regularity to them if they are all teaching in different languages. When all of the particular needs of every single group is attempted to be accommodate d for, nobody ends up with what they really need. As far as points that Le made that weren’t as strong, he first points out English as being a difficult subject to learn. First, this is a matter of opinion, and isn’t necessarily true. English does not have gendered nouns which make languages such as Spanish, French, and German difficult for English speakers. That doesn’t even begin to touch on the difficulty of learning a tone language such as Chinese. Secondly, it is not so much the language itself as it is the spelling system. English is in need of a spelling